#include <stdio.h>

int T, P, B;

int main(void)
{
    freopen("fructe.in", "r", stdin);
    freopen("fructe.out", "w", stdout);

    for (scanf("%d", &T); T; T--)
    {
        scanf("%d %d", &P, &B);
        printf("%d\n", (B & 1));
    }

    return 0;
}