#include <stdio.h>

FILE* in,* out;
long p,b,i,testCases;

int main () {

    in=fopen("fructe.in","r");
    out=fopen("fructe.out","w");

    fscanf(in,"%ld",&testCases);

    for(i=1;i<=testCases;i++)
    {
        fscanf(in,"%ld%ld",&p,&b);
        if(b%2==0)
            fprintf(out,"0\n");
        else
            fprintf(out,"1\n");
    }

    return 0;
}