#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>

int main()
{
	int t, sol;
	long int p, b;
	FILE *fin=fopen("fructe.in", "r");
	FILE *fout=fopen("fructe.out", "w");
	if (!fin || !fout) {
		return 1;
	}
	fscanf(fin, "%d", &t);
	for (int i=0; i<t; i++) {
		fscanf(fin, "%ld %ld", &p, &b);
		sol=0;
		if (b%2) {
			sol=1;
		}
		fprintf(fout, "%d\n", sol);
	}
	fclose(fin);
	fclose(fout);
}