#include<fstream>
using namespace std;
int main()
{int t,i,p,b;
ifstream f("fructe.in");
ofstream g("fructe.out");
f>>t;
for(i=1;i<=t;i++)
	{f>>p>>b;
	if(b%2==0)
	 g<<"0"<<'\n';
	else
	 g<<"1"<<'\n';}
return 0;}