#include<fstream.h>
#include<iostream.h>

ifstream f("fructe.in");
ofstream g("fructe.out");

main()
{int T,i;
long int a[100][2];
f>>T;

for(i=1;i<=T;i++)
{f>>a[i][1]>>a[i][2];
if(a[i][2]%2==0)
{g<<'0'<<endl;}
else
{g<<'1'<<endl;}
}
}