#include<fstream.h>
int main ()
{
	long p,b;
	int t,i;
	ifstream f("fructe.in");
	ofstream g("fructe.out");
	f>>t;
	for(i=1;i<=t;i++) { 
		f>>p>>b;
		if(b%2==1) g<<"1"<<'\n';
		else g<<"0"<<'\n';
	}
	f.close();
	g.close();
	return 0;
}