#include <stdio.h>

long int t;
long int banane, portocale;

int main()
{
  FILE *fin, *fout;
  fin = fopen("fructe.in", "r");
  fout = fopen("fructe.out", "w");
  fscanf(fin, "%d", &t);
  for (int i = 0; i < t; i++)
  {
      fscanf(fin, "%d%d", &portocale, &banane);
      if (banane % 2 == 0) fprintf(fout, "%d\n", 0); else fprintf(fout, "%d\n", 1);   
  }
  fclose(fin); fclose(fout);
  return 0;   
}