#include <stdio.h>
using namespace std;

int t, i;
long long orange, banana;

int main ()
{
    FILE *f = fopen ("fructe.in","r");
    FILE *g = fopen ("fructe.out","w");
    fscanf (f,"%d", &t);

    for (i=1; i<=t; ++i)
    {
        fscanf (f,"%lld %lld", &orange, &banana);
        if (banana % 2 == 0)
            fprintf (g, "0\n");
        else
            fprintf (g, "1\n");
    }

    fclose (g);
    fclose (f);
    return 0;
}