#include<cstdio>
using namespace std;
int main()
{
    int a,b,t,i;
    freopen("fructe.in","r",stdin);
    freopen("fructe.out","w",stdout);
    scanf("%d",&t);
    for(i=1;i<=t;i++)
    {
                     scanf("%d%d",&a,&b);
                     if(b%2) printf("%d\n",1);
                     else printf("%d\n",0);
    }
    return 0;
}