#include<stdio.h>

int t,p,b;

int main()
{
	freopen("fructe.in","r",stdin);
	freopen("fructe.out","w",stdout);
	
	scanf("%d",&t);
	
	for(;t;t--)
	{
		scanf("%d %d",&p,&b);
		
		if(b%2)
			printf("1\n");
		else
			printf("0\n");
	}
	
	return 0;
}