#include <cstdio>

int main()
{
	int t,p,b,i;
	freopen("fructe.in","r",stdin);
	freopen("fructe.out","w",stdout);
	scanf("%d",&t);
	for(i=1;i<=t;++i)
	{
		scanf("%d%d",&p,&b);
		if(b%2==0) printf("0\n");
			else printf("1\n");
	}
	return 0;
}