#include <fstream>
using namespace std;

ifstream in ( "fructe.in" );
ofstream out ( "fructe.out" );

int main ()
{
	int T, p, b;
	in >> T;
	for ( ; T; --T )
	{
		in >> p >> b;
		out << b % 2 << "\n";
	}
	return 0;
}