#include <bits/stdc++.h>
#define INF 2e9

using namespace std;

ifstream fin("bfs.in");
ofstream fout("bfs.out");

int n, m, source;
vector<vector<int>> adj;
vector<int> dist;

void BFS(int source)
{
    queue<int> q;
    q.push(source);
    dist[source] = 0;

    while (!q.empty())
    {
        int nod = q.front();
        q.pop();

        for(int i = 0; i <= adj[nod].size(); i++)
        {
            if (dist[i] >= dist[nod]+1)
            {
                dist[i] = dist[nod]+1;
                q.push(nod);
            }
        }
    }
}

int main()
{
    fin >> n >> m >> source;

    adj.resize(n+5);
    dist.resize(n+5);

    for (int i = 1; i <= m; i++)
    {
        int x, y;
        fin >> x >> y;
    }

    for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
    {
        fout << dist[i] << " ";
    }
}