#include<stdio.h>

int p,b,n,i;

int main()
{ 
    freopen("fructe.in","r",stdin);
    freopen("fructe.out","w",stdout);
    
    scanf("%d",&n);
    for(i=1;i<=n;i++) {  scanf("%d %d",&p,&b);
                          if(b%2) printf("1\n");
                          else printf("0\n");
                      }
     fclose(stdin);
     fclose(stdout);
     return 0;
}