#include<fstream>
using namespace std;

ifstream cin("fructe.in");
ofstream cout("fructe.out");

int main()
{
    int t; cin >> t;
    while(t--)
        {
            int a,b; cin >> a >> b;
            if(b & 1) cout << 1 << '\n';
            else cout << 0 << '\n';
        }
}