program pascal;
var f,g:text;    t,p,b,i:longint;
  procedure citire;
  begin
  assign(f,'fructe.in'); reset(f);
  assign(g,'fructe.out'); rewrite(g);
  readln(f,t);
  for i:=1 to t do
     begin
     readln(f,p,b);
     if (b mod 2=1) then writeln(g,1)
                    else writeln(g,0);
     end;
  close(f);
  close(g);
  end;

begin
citire;
end.