#include <iostream>
#include <fstream>
using namespace std;

int main()
{
    ifstream fin("fructe.in");
    ofstream fout("fructe.out");
    long long t,p,b;
    fin>>t;
    for(int i=1;i<=t;++i)
    {
        fin>>p>>b;
        fout<<b%2<<'\n';
    }
    return 0;
}