//#include <iostream>
#include <fstream>
#include <algorithm>

using namespace std;

ifstream fin ("fructe.in");
ofstream fout ("fructe.out");

int main()
{
    int t,b,p;
    fin>>t;
    for(int i=1;i<=t;i++)
    {
    fin>>p>>b;
    fout<<b%2<<"\n";
    }
    return 0;
}