#include <iostream>
#include <fstream>
#include <vector>
#include <queue>
#define N 100001


using namespace std;

	
class Graph {
	
public:
	vector <int> adiacenta[N];
    bool visited[N];
    void addEdge_neorientat(int h, int t);
    void addEdge_orientat(int h, int t);
	void DFS(int vf);
    void Solve_Conexe_DFS();
    void BFS_mininum_distances(int root, int n);
    void Solve_Min_Dist_BFS();
    vector <int> solution;
};
	
 
	
void Graph::addEdge_neorientat(int h,int t)
{
     adiacenta[h].push_back(t);
     adiacenta[t].push_back(h);
}

void Graph::addEdge_orientat(int h,int t)
{
     adiacenta[h].push_back(t);
}
 
	
void Graph::DFS(int vf)
{
	visited[vf] = true;
	
	for(int i = 0; i < adiacenta[vf].size(); ++i)
		if (!visited[adiacenta[vf][i]])
			DFS(adiacenta[vf][i]);
    
   solution.push_back(vf);
	
}

void Graph::Solve_Conexe_DFS()
{
    ifstream fin("dfs.in");
    ofstream fout("dfs.out");

    int n, m, n1, n2, conexe = 0;

    fin>>n>>m;

    for (int i = 1; i <= m; i++)
    {
        fin >> n1 >> n2;
        addEdge_neorientat(n1,n2);
    }

    for(int i = 1; i <= n; i++){
        if (!visited[i])
        {
           conexe += 1;
           DFS(i);
        }
    }

    fout << conexe;

    fin.close();
}


void Graph::BFS_mininum_distances(int root, int n)
{
        ofstream fout("bfs.out");

        vector<int> d(n + 1, -1);
        queue<int> q;
	
        d[root] = 0;
        q.push(root);
	
        while (!q.empty()) {
            int current = q.front();
            q.pop();
 
            for (auto &index : adiacenta[current]) {
                if (d[index] == -1)
                {
                    d[index] = d[current] + 1;
                    q.push(index);
                }
            }

        }
	
        for (int i = 1; i <= n; ++i) {
            fout << d[i] << ' ';
        }
}

void Graph::Solve_Min_Dist_BFS()
{
    ifstream fin("bfs.in");

    int n, m, n1, n2, s;

    fin>>n>>m>>s;


    for (int i = 1; i <= m; i++)
	{
        fin >> n1 >> n2;
        addEdge_orientat(n1,n2);
    }

    BFS_mininum_distances(s, n);

    fin.close();
}

int main()
{
    Graph g;
    
    //tema 1: DFS
    g.Solve_Conexe_DFS();

    //tema 2: BFS
    g.Solve_Min_Dist_BFS();

    return 0;
}