#include <fstream>

int main() {
  std::ifstream fin("fructe.in");
  std::ofstream fout("fructe.out");
  int t;
  fin >> t;
  while (t--) {
    int a, b;
    fin >> a >> b;
    fout << b % 2 << "\n";
  }
  return 0;
}