#include<stdio.h>

int t, P, B;

int main(){
    freopen("fructe.in","r",stdin);
    freopen("fructe.out","w", stdout);

    scanf("%d", &t);
    for ( ; t; t--){
        scanf("%d %d", &P, &B);
        if (B & 1) printf("1\n");
        else    printf("0\n");
    }

    return 0;
}