#include <fstream>
using namespace std;
int main()
{
    ifstream fin("fructe.in");
    ofstream fout("fructe.out");
    int t,a,b;
    fin>>t;
    for(int i=1;i<=t;i++)
    {
        fin>>a>>b;
        if(b%2==0){fout<<"0"<<'\n';}
        else{fout<<"1"<<'\n';}
    }
    return 0;
}