#include <iostream>
#include <cstdio>

using namespace std;

int main()
{
        freopen ("fructe.in", "r", stdin);
        freopen ("fructe.out", "w", stdout);

        int t;
        cin >> t;
        while (t--)
        {
                int a, b;
                cin >> a >> b;
                cout << (b & 1) << "\n";
        }

        return 0;
}