#include <iostream>
#include <fstream>
#include <vector>
#include <algorithm>

using namespace std;

const char iname[] = "fructe.in";
const char oname[] = "fructe.out";

int main(void)
{
    ifstream in(iname);
    ofstream out(oname);

    int T, P, B;
    for (in >> T; T > 0; -- T) {
        in >> P >> B;
        cout << (B & 1) << "\n";
    }

    in.close(), out.close();
    return 0;
}