#include <fstream>
std::ifstream fin("fructe.in");
std::ofstream fout("fructe.out");
int main() {

  int T, P, B;
  fin >> T;
  for (int i = 1; i <= T; ++i) {
    fin >> P >> B;
    if (B % 2 == 1)
      fout << 1;
    else
      fout << 0;
    fout << "\n";
  }

  fin.close();
  fout.close();
  return 0;
}