# include <fstream.h>
# include <math.h>
# include <iostream.h>
fstream f("densitate.in", ios::in);
fstream g("densitate.out", ios::out);
void main ()
{
 int a,b,n,q,i,j,imp,prim,k;
 f>>n>>q;
 for (i=1;i<=n;i++) { f>>a>>b;
    if (a%2==0&&b%2==0) imp=(b-a)/2;
    else if(a%2==1&&b%2==1) imp=(b-a)/2+1;
    else imp=(b-a+1)/2;
 prim=imp;
 j=3;
 while (j<=imp) { k=imp/2;
		   prim=prim-k;
		    j=j+2;
		  }
 g<<prim;
 f.close();
 g.close();
}
}