#include <bits/stdc++.h>
using namespace std;
ifstream in("xerox.in");
ofstream out("xerox.out");
int main()
{
    int t;
    in >> t;
    while(t--)
    {
        int n, inutil;
        in >> n >> inutil >> inutil;
        int ok = 0;
        for(int i = 1; i <= n; i++)
        {
            int a;
            in >> a;
            ok ^= a;
            for(int j = 1; j <= a; j++)
                in >> inutil >> inutil;
        }
        out << ok << '\n';
    }
    return 0;
}