#include <iostream>
#include <fstream>
#include <vector>
#include <queue>
using namespace std;
queue <int> q;
vector <int> g[100001];
ifstream fin("bfs.in");
ofstream fout("bfs.out");
int n,m,s;
int viz[100001];
void citire()
{
    int x,y;
    fin>>n>>m>>s;
    for(int i=0;i<m;i++)
       {
        fin>>x>>y;
    g[x].push_back(y);
       }
}
void leesmecher()
{q.push(s);
    while (!q.empty())
    {
        int x=q.front();
        q.pop();
        for (auto &v:g[x])
        {
            if (viz[v]==0)
            {
                viz[v]=viz[x]+1;
                q.push(v);
            }
        }
    }
}
int main()
{
    citire();
    viz[s]=1;
    leesmecher();
    for (int i=1; i<=n; i++)
        fout << viz[i]-1 <<' ';
    return 0;
}