#include <fstream>
#define NMAX 100002

using namespace std;

ifstream fin("bfs.in");
ofstream fout("bfs.out");

struct nod
{
    int vf;
    struct nod* urm;
};

typedef struct nod*  LSI;
LSI L[NMAX];
nod* p[NMAX];
bool viz[NMAX];

int n, m, start, i, nrp[NMAX];

void citire();
void bfs(int);
void ins(LSI& L, int x, nod* p);

int main()
{
    citire();
    bfs(start);
    for(i=1; i<=n; i++)
        if(nrp[i]==0 && i!=start)
            fout<<-1<<' ';
        else
            fout<<nrp[i]<<' ';
    return 0;
}

void citire()
{
    int x, y, i;
    fin>>n>>m;
    fin>>start;
    for (i=1; i<=m; i++)
    {
        fin>>x>>y;
        ins(L[x], y, p[x]);
        if (p[x]==NULL)
            p[x]=L[x];
        else
            p[x]=p[x]->urm;
    }
}

void bfs(int start)
{
    int C[NMAX], x, prim, ultim;
    nod* q;
    C[0]=start;
    prim=ultim=0;
    viz[start]=1;
    while(prim<=ultim)
    {
        x=C[prim++];
        for(q=L[x]; q; q=q->urm)
            if(!viz[q->vf])
                {
                    viz[q->vf]=1;
                    C[++ultim]=q->vf;
                }