#include <iostream>
#include <cstdio>

using namespace std;

int main() {
    freopen("fructe.in","r",stdin);
    freopen("fructe.out","w",stdout);

    int T;
    scanf("%d\n", &T);

    while(T--) {
        int P, B;

        scanf("%d %d\n", &P, &B);

        if(B & 1) {
            printf("1\n");
        }
        else {
            printf("0\n");
        }
    }

    return 0;
}