#include<stdio.h>
int T,P,B;
void Rezolvare ()
{
     int i;
     scanf("%d",&T);
     for(i=1; i<=T; ++i)
     {
              scanf("%d%d",&P,&B);
              printf("%d\n",B%2);
     }
}
int main()
{
    freopen("fructe.in","r",stdin);
    freopen("fructe.out","w",stdout);
    Rezolvare ();
    return 0;
}