#include <stdio.h>
int main(){
    FILE *fin,*fout;
    fin=fopen("fructe.in","r");
    fout=fopen("fructe.out","w");
    int i,n,a,b;
    fscanf(fin,"%d",&n);
    for(i=1;i<=n;i++){
        fscanf(fin,"%d%d",&a,&b);
        if(b%2==0)
            fprintf(fout,"0\n");
        else
            fprintf(fout,"1\n");
    }
    fclose(fin);
    fclose(fout);
    return 0;
}