#include <iostream>
#include <stdio.h>

using namespace std;

int main()
{
    freopen("fructe.in", "r", stdin);
    freopen("fructe.out", "w", stdout);

    ios_base::sync_with_stdio(false);
    cin.tie(0);

    int t, b;

    cin >> t;

    for(int i = 0; i < t; i ++)
    {
        cin >> b >> b;
        printf("%d\n", b % 2);
    }
    return 0;
}