#include<iostream>
#include<fstream>
                 using namespace std;
                 
ifstream f("fructe.in");
ofstream g("fructe.out");
int main()
{
    int t,p,b;
    f>>t;
    for(int i=1;i<=t;i++)
    {
            f>>p>>b;
            if (b%2==1) g<<"1\n";
            else g<<"0\n"; 
            }
    f.close();
    g.close();
    return 0;
    }