#include <stdio.h>

long long int B,P;

int t;

int main() {

int i;

freopen("fructe.in","r",stdin);

freopen("fructe.out","w",stdout);

scanf("%d",&t);

for (i = 1 ; i <= t; i++) {

     scanf("%lld",&P),scanf("%lld",&B);
     if ( B%2 )
        printf("1 \n");

        else

        printf("0 \n");
  }

      return 0;
}