//#include <iostream>
#include <fstream>

using namespace std;
ifstream cin("fructe.in");
ofstream cout("fructe.out");

int main()
{
    int iTest,iPortocale, iBanane;

    cin>>iTest;
    for(int i = 1; i<=iTest; ++i)
    {
        cin>>iPortocale>>iBanane;
        if(iBanane%2==0)

            cout<<"0"<<'\n';

        else

            cout<<"1"<<'\n';
    }
    return 0;
}