#include <fstream>
using namespace std;
int main()
{
    ifstream in("fructe.in");
    ofstream out("fructe.out");
    int t,i,p,b;
    in>>t;
    for(i=1;i<=t;i++)
    {
        in>>p>>b;
        if(b%2==0)
            out<<0<<endl;
        else
            out<<1<<endl;
    }
    return 0;
}