#include<stdio.h>
int n,i,p,b;

int main(){

FILE *f=fopen("fructe.in","r");
FILE *g=fopen("fructe.out","w");

fscanf(f,"%d",&n);

   for(i=1;i<=n;i++){
   fscanf(f,"%d %d",&p,&b);
     if(b%2==0)
     fprintf(g,"0\n");

     else
     fprintf(g,"1\n");

   }


fclose(f);
fclose(g);

return 0;
}