#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>

int main()
{
    int nr,k=0,a=0,b=0;
  FILE *i;
  FILE *o;
  i=fopen("fructe.in","r");
  o=fopen("fructe.out","w");
  fscanf(i,"%d\n",&nr);
  for(k=1;k<=nr;k++)
  {    
       fscanf(i,"%d%d",&a,&b);
       if(b%2==1)
       fprintf(o,"1\n");
       else
       fprintf(o,"0\n");
  
  }  
  fclose(i);
  fclose(o);              
  return 0;
}