#include<stdio.h>

long i, j, t, b, p;
FILE *fin, *fout;	

int main()
{
	fin = fopen("fructe.in", "rt");
	fout = fopen("fructe.out", "wt");

	fscanf(fin, "%ld", &t);

	while(t--)
	{
		fscanf(fin, "%ld%ld", &p, &b);
		fprintf(fout, "%ld\n", b&1);
	}

	return 0;
}