#include<stdio.h>
int main () {
	int p,b,t;
	freopen("fructe.in","r",stdin);
	freopen("fructe.out","w",stdout);
	scanf("%d",&t);
	while(t){
		t--;
		scanf("%d%d",&p,&b);
		if(b%2)
			printf("1\n");
		else
			printf("0\n");
	}
	return 0;
}