#include <stdio.h>

#define in "fructe.in"
#define out "fructe.out"

int T;
int P, B;

int main()
{
    freopen( in, "r", stdin );
    freopen( out, "w", stdout );

    scanf( "%d", &T );
    int i;
    for ( i = 1; i <= T; ++i )
    {
        scanf( "%d%d", &P, &B );
        if ( (B&1) == 1 ) printf( "1\n" );
        else printf( "0\n" );
    }
    return 0;
}