#include<stdio.h>
int main(){
	int b,p,t,i;
	freopen("fructe.in","r",stdin);
	freopen("fructe.out","w",stdout);
	scanf("%d",&t);
	for(i=0;i<t;++i){
		scanf("%d%d",&p,&b);
		printf("%d\n",b%2);
	}
	fclose(stdin);
	fclose(stdout);
	return 0;
}