#include <stdio.h>

#define in "fructe.in"
#define out "fructe.out"

int T, P, B;

int main()
{
    freopen(in,"r",stdin);
    freopen(out,"w",stdout);
    
    scanf("%d", &T);
    for ( ; T > 0; --T )
    {
        scanf("%d%d", &P, &B);
        
        if ( B & 1 ) printf("1\n");
        else         printf("0\n");
    }
}