#include <stdio.h>
#include <assert.h>

int T, P, B;

int main(void)
{
    freopen("fructe.in", "r", stdin);
    freopen("fructe.out", "w", stdout);

    scanf("%d", &T);
    assert(1 <= T && T <= 100);
    for (; T; T--)
    {
        scanf("%d %d", &P, &B);
        assert(1 <= P && 1 <= B && P <= 1000000000 && B <= 1000000000);
        printf("%d\n", (B & 1));
    }

    return 0;
}