#include <stdio.h>

#define FIN "fructe.in"
#define FOUT "fructe.out"

int T, P, B;

int main(void)
{
    freopen(FIN, "r", stdin);
    freopen(FOUT, "w", stdout);

    for (scanf("%d", &T); T; --T)
    {
        scanf("%d %d", &P, &B);
        printf("%d\n", B&1);
    }

    return 0;
}