#include <stdio.h>

long t, a, b, o;

int main()
{
	freopen ("fructe.in", "rt", stdin);
	freopen ("fructe.out", "wt", stdout);
	
	scanf("%ld", &t);
	
	for (o = 1; o <= t; o ++)
	{
		scanf("%ld %ld", &a, &b);
		if (b % 2)
			printf("1\n");
		else
			printf("0\n");
	}
	
	return 0;
}