#include <stdio.h>
unsigned long int a,b,t,i;
int main(){
  FILE *f = fopen("fructe.in","r");
  FILE *g = fopen("fructe.out","w");
  fscanf(f,"%ld",&t);
  for (i=1;i<=t;i++) {
    fscanf(f,"%ld %ld",&a,&b);
    fprintf(g,"%ld\n",b%2);
  }
  fclose(f);
  fclose(g);
  return 0;
}