#include<cstdio>

int main()
{
	freopen("fructe.in","r",stdin);
	freopen("fructe.out","w",stdout);
	
	int t, a, b;
	scanf("%d\n", &t);
	while(t--)
	{
		scanf("%d %d\n", &a, &b);
		if(b%2) printf("1\n");
		else    printf("0\n");
	}
	return 0;
}