#include <stdio.h>
FILE *in,*o;
long b,p;
int t,s,i;
int main()
{
in=fopen("fructe.in","r");
o=fopen("fructe.out","w");
fscanf(in,"%d",&t);
for (i=1;i<=t;i++)
{
fscanf(in,"%ld %ld",&p,&b);
p=p%2;
b=b%2;
if (b==0)
 fprintf(o,"0\n");
else fprintf(o,"1\n");
}
fclose(in);
fclose(o);
return 0;

}